Table of Contents
Summary
The article aimed at revisiting the diagnostic roles of cystoscopic hydrodistention and the potassium sensitivity tests for the diagnosis of interstitial cystitis. The researchers recruited 214 patients previously diagnosed with interstitial cystitis, 125 of which were non-interstitial cystitis patients. The non-IC patients underwent a video urodynamic study and PST, while another 144 of the non-IC patients underwent a cystoscopic hydrodistention before the administration of transurethral surgery. The researchers then calculated the sensitivity, specificity and positive and negative predictive values for PST and glomerulations after cystoscopic hydrodistention. The results indicated that 98.6% of the participants developed glomerulations after cystoscopic hydrodistention while 42.4% of the non-IC patients including the ones with stones (45/67), hematuria (2/5) and stress urinary incontinence (6/17). The researchers concluded that both PST and glomerulations after hydrodistention are sensitive indicators of IC. The specificity of glomerulations in the diagnosis of IC is lower than that of PST (Jiang et al. 1)
| Word | Prefix | Word Root | Suffix |
| cystoscopic procedure of analysis of the bladder and urethra | cyst/o bladder/pouch | scope instrument to examine or view | |
| hydrodistention Get a brand-new guide on essay writing Everything you need to get A+ this semester! By continuing, you agree to the Terms And conditions and Privacy policy  The download will start within seconds. Good luck! to increase the size of the bladder with water for diagnosis | hydro related to water | tention force, pressure | tion process |
| interstitial relating to, forming or occupying the spaces also known as interstices | inter between, among | stiti/o between the interstices | al related to |
| cystitis the inflammation of the urinary bladder | cyst/o bladder, pouch | itis inflammation | |
| urodynamic study that assesses the bladder and urethra and the related functions of storage and passing of urine | uro related to all the organs involved in the processing, storage and draining of urine | dynam/o constantly chnaging | ic related to |
| transurethral a medical diagnosis conducted through the urethra | trans through | urethra/o related to the urethra, passage of urine | al related to |
| glomerulations the bladder haemorrhages believed to be associated with interstitial cystitis | glomerul/o relating to the functional unit of the kidney | tion process of | |
| hematuria the presence of traces of blood in urine | hema blood | uria urine | ia pertaining to |
| hypersensitive an excessive sensitivity | hyper abmormal, excessive | sensitive relating to the senses | ive action |
| urinary relating to urine and associated organs | ur/o relating to urine | ary pertaining to |
The article is a case presentation of pseudo-Meigs syndrome development after ovarian metastases from colorectal cancer. The researchers note that pseudo-Meigs syndrome is used to describe cases of ascites and pleural effusion that is usually associated with ovarian neoplasms other than benign tumors. The article is a presentation of three cases of pseudo-Meigs syndrome wherein the first case the patient had severe dyspnea and hypoxia as a result of massive right pleural effusion thus necessitating a preoperative thoracic drainage. In case two, the patient needed paracentesis to improve her abdominal distension. The patient was administered with 5-fluorouracil, levofolinate and oxaliplatin to control her ascites by diuretics without aspiration. In the third case, the patient developed a massive pleural effusion and ascites coincident with a rapid enlargement of the ovarian tumor after resection and adjuvant chemotherapy for rectal cancer (Yamamoto et al. 1)
| Word | Prefix | Word Root | Suffix |
| diuretics drugs that cause increased passing of urine | di more than one | ur/o passage of large amounts of urine | tic pertaining to |
| oophorectomy removal of one or both ovaries through surgical means | oophor/o ovary | ectomy removal | |
| neoplasm new and abnormal growth of tissues in a part of the body usually developing to cancer | neo new | plasm pertaining to growth or formation | |
| chemotherapy treatment of a disease using chemical substances | chemo using chemicals | therapy treatment | apy related to |
| colorectal of relating to or affecting the colon and rectum | colo relating to the colon | rect/o relating to rectum | al relating to |
| dyspnea difficult breathing | dys difficulty, abnormal | pnea breathing | |
| hypoxia oxygen deficiency | hypo below | oxia oxygen levels | |
| thoracic relating to the thorax | thorac/o thorax | ic relating to | |
| paracentesis the perforation of a cavity of the body with a hollow object to pass fluids or gas | para near, abnormal | cent/o perforation, opening | centesis relating to surgery |
| fluorouracil a drug used in the treatment of certain cancers | fluoro relating to fluorine, thyroid | uracil type of antineoplastics |
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The study explored the therapeutic effects of dinaciclib in the treatment of thyroid cancer. Dinaciclib is a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor. The researchers studied seven cells from three pathological types of thyroid cancer including papillary, follicular and anaplastic. The researchers then measured the cytotoxicity of dinaciclib using lactate dehydrogenase assay and assessed the expression of proteins associated with cell cycle and apoptosis using a western blot analysis and immunofluorescence microscopy. The researchers measured the cell cycle distribution using flow cytometry and immunofluorescence microscopy. The resulting anaplastic thyroid cancer was treated with intraperitoneal injections of dinaciclib (Lin et al. 1)
| Word | Prefix | Word Root | Suffix |
| therapeutic pertaining to the healing of a disease | therapeut/o medical treatment | ic relating to | |
| microscopy relating to the use of microscope to view | micro little | scop/y view | y pertaining to |
| intraperitoneal administered through or within the walls of the abdominal cavity | intra inside | peritone/o relating to the peritoneum | al relating to |
| papillary cancer of the papilla- located at the point where the bile duct enters the duodenum | papill- like a nipple | papill/o nipple | ary related to |
| follicular pertaining to the follicle that is a vesicle that contains mostly developing eggs | folic- relating to the follicle | follicul/o follicle | ar relating to |
| anaplastic of the abnormal differentiation of cells | ana upword, repeatedly | plasi/o formation of new cells | ic pertaining to |
| cytotoxicity toxic to the cells | cyto relating to cells | toxic/o of toxins, ability to kill | ity as a result of |
| dehydrogenase an enzyme that helps in the removal of hydrogen atoms from a given molecule | de reversal of, without | hydrogen relating to hydrogen, oxidation | ase referring to an enzyme |
| apoptosis the death of cells occurring as a normal part of life of growth and development of an organism | apo away from, at extreme end | Pto droop | sis process of breakdown |
| immunofluorescence a medical technique for determining the location of antigen in the tissues as the antigen reacts with an antibody through the use of fluorescent dye | immune related to the immune system | fluoresce light | ence pertaining to |
- Jiang, Yuan-Hong, et al. “Revisiting the Role of Potassium Sensitivity Testing and Cystoscopic Hydrodistention for the Diagnosis of Interstitial Cystitis.” Plos ONE, vol. 11, no. 3, 21 Mar. 2016, pp. 1-9.
- Lin, Shu-Fu, et al. “A Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor, Dinaciclib in Preclinical Treatment Models of Thyroid Cancer.” Plos ONE, vol. 12, no. 2, 16 Feb. 2017, pp. 1-18.
- Yamamoto, Yuta, et al. “Three Cases of Pseudo-Meigs’ Syndrome Secondary to Ovarian Metastases from Colorectal Cancer.” Case Reports in Surgery, 08 Mar. 2017, pp. 1-8.