Table of Contents
Cancer
The survey for the study is the effects of fatigue caused by cancer on the victims. These victims succumbed to the condition that was mainly designed for confirming the duration and prevalence of the fatigue amongst the cancer population as well as to assess the mental, social, economic, and physical impact on the caregivers and the patient’s lives. The data used to form a conclusive report was collected through a twenty-five minute interview with three hundred and seventy nine cancer patients who had a prior chemotherapy history (Curt, 2000). The patients who were recruited for the study formed a sample of six thousand, one hundred and twenty five households who had been identified having a member of their families with cancer. Seventy nine percent of the respondents were recorded to be women. The results of the study indicated that seventy six percent of the respondents suffered from fatigue a few days every month during their chemotherapy sessions and thirty percent recorded to have been fatigued daily. The fatigue prevented the patients from living normal lives and caused a form of alteration of their daily routines. It also was quite challenging to engage in social activities as well as to perform certain cognitive tasks that are considered typical in nature (Curt, 2000).
Survivorship program
The evaluation of the program considers that there is a need for an increased patient and professional education for the young adults and adolescents. The high occurrence of the late outcomes of the treatment amongst survivors has necessitated the communication and sharing of knowledge throughout the process of transitioning into community care from cancer care (Vollmer Dahlke, Fair, Hong, Kellstedt, & Ory, 2017). The survivors are likely to be in great need of psychosocial care that is developmentally appropriate as well as have an extensive surveillance during follow up conducted by nurses who are not only educated but also well aware of the conditions and the effects, which may later on take place. The main objective was to ensure outcomes are evaluated after a program begins. The aim of the program was building of literacy on the issues of survivorship in order to stimulate the improved communications between health care specialists and survivors. The method used to collect the data that was used in the study is qualitative evaluation, which included a brief survey that was introductory. Results of the study highlighted the need for a continuation of building the capacity of knowledge for the survivors as well as increasing the resources to meet the effects of cancer which are quite unique (Vollmer Dahlke, Fair, Hong, Kellstedt, & Ory, 2017).
Role Conflict
The aim of the study was to examine the different ways in the adjustments of students based on their residency, that is international or domestic students as well as the status of illness of these students such as having a member of the family who is suffering from a chronic disease (Suchak, 2014). The study also found out that there were underlying connections between the adjustment of students, their families, and the factors that are related to illness such as role conflict, communication avoidance, and uncertainty of illness for students who have a member of the family who is chronically unwell. The data used in the study was collected from two hundred and thirty two students from two public universities (Suchak, 2014). A hierarchical regression was used to address the research questions as well as the hypotheses that were associated. The results showed that the international college students from Asia had lower scores compared to their domestic counterparts in colleges. Furthermore, the students that had a member of the family suffering from a chronic disease were scoring lower in the domain of emotional and personal adjustment compared to students that did not havesuffering from a chronic disease. There was also a negative connection between the overall adjustment of college and role conflict regardless of the status of illness or residency.
Survivors of Cancer Successfully Returning to Work
The study focused on investigating the factors, which are associated with successfully returning to work for survivors of cancer in accordance with the stipulated guidelines in the act of Americans who are suffering from disabilities. The participants used for the study was a focus group which consisted of seven cancer female survivors. The participants discussed in depth the issues that are tied to returning to work after a diagnosis of cancer (Krok-Schoen et al., 2014). The factors that were brought to light which influence the ability of a cancer survivor to return to work successfully include the flexibility of the job as well as the support from fellow coworkers since it improves their experiences. Coworkers or supervisors who are ignorant about the impact of cancer create a stressful environment, which makes it difficult for the survivors to adjust to. The participants also discussed the environmental, cancer as well as personal related factors, which influence the experiences that they have when returning to work after a diagnosis of cancer. The knowledge of the different factors, which support employees, helps the occupational nurses as well to assist the survivors in their transition towards the normal lives as well as improve the quality of the lives of their employees (Kroc-Schoen et al., 2014).
Preventive Oncology
The study investigated the patient characteristics and the clinic type that affects the time of resolution after there has been an abnormal screening exam of cancer. The study revealed that there are many factors, which influence the health care delivery system as well as patient outcomes. Data that was used in the study was obtained from the patient navigation project in Ohio, which entailed a randomized group of eight hundred and sixty two patients from eighteen clinics (Parsons et al., 2012). The time resolution of patients after undergoing a cervical, colorectal, or even breast test was obtained and descriptive statistics used to analyze the data, which was collected. The results indicated that the time resolution amongst the respondents who participated in the various programs was influenced by a myriad of socioeconomic factors as opposed to the clinic type.
Cancer and Work
The study was geared towards measuring the rate of survivors of cancer returning to work as well as the factors, which influence the impact of the return. The study focused on the perspective of the patient concerning returning to work and the factors that influence the perspectives. The study found out that the mean rate of survivors returning to work was sixty-two percent. The factors which were found to negatively influence the return of survivors to work was being assigned duties that require manual labor, non-supportive colleagues as well as suffering from neck and head cancers. Socio-demographic characteristics that influenced the return to work included age, whereby associations between low rates of returning to work increased with age (Spelten, Sprangers, & Verbeek, 2002).
Academic Accommodation and Chronic Illness
The study investigated the policies that ensure that students who have disabilities brought about by chronic illness are accommodated and how these policies unfold in the administration of the Universities. The policies are meant to reconcile the relevancies and interests of the law with those of the institution. A student who is disabled makes use of the policy they become situated under the social relations who make the needs of the disabled students manageable in the context of the organization. The study thus concluded that the university is mandated not to discriminate against any student under any grounds and therefore the policies ensure that the rights of the chronically disabled students are protected (Jung 2003).
Cognitive function
The study investigated the complications associated with long-term treatment of cancer more so the psychological complications of neck and head cancer survivors that is now well known. Cognitive functioning was thus investigated in relation to fatigue, depression, brain lesions, and cognitive complaints. The study used a cohort of sixty-five patients who were treated for HNC. The results were compared with education and age adjusted normative date (Wilbers et al., 2015). The results reflected that the HNC survivors had cognitive functioning that was worse after a lapse of seven years after the cancer treatment. The cognitive functioning was tied to fatigue and subjective complaints as well as depressive symptoms.
- Curt, G. (2000). Impact of Cancer-Related Fatigue on the Lives of Patients: New Findings From
- Duijts, S., Dalton, S., Lundh, M., Horsboel, T., & Johansen, C. (2016). Cancer survivors and return to work: current knowledge and future research. Psycho-Oncology. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pon.4235
- Jung (2003) “Chronic Illness and Academic Accommodation: Meeting Disabled Students’ “unique needs” and Preserving the Institutional Order of the University,” The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare: Vol. 30: Iss. 1, Article 6.
- Krok-Schoen, J., Kurta, M., Weier, R., Young, G., Carey, A., Tatum, C., & Paskett, E. (2014). Clinic Type and Patient Characteristics Affecting Time to Resolution after an Abnormal Cancer-Screening Exam. Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention, 24(1), 162-168. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.epi-14-0692
- Parsons, H., Harlan, L., Lynch, C., Hamilton, A., Wu, X., & Kato, I. et al. (2012). Impact of Cancer on Work and Education Among Adolescent and Young Adult Cancer Survivors. Journal Of Clinical Oncology, 30(19), 2393-2400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2011.39.6333
- Spelten, E., Sprangers, M., & Verbeek, J. (2002). Factors reported to influence the return to work of cancer survivors: a literature review. Psycho-Oncology, 11(2), 124-131. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pon.585
- Suchak, M. (2014). Role conflict, uncertainty in illness, and illness- related communication avoidance: College students facing familial chronic illness. Purdue University, 224.
- the Fatigue Coalition. The Oncologist, 5(5), 353-360. http://dx.doi.org/10.1634/theoncologist.5-5-353
- Vollmer Dahlke, D., Fair, K., Hong, Y., Kellstedt, D., & Ory, M. (2017). Adolescent and Young Adult Cancer Survivorship Educational Programming: A Qualitative Evaluation. JMIR Cancer, 3(1), e3. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/cancer.5821
- Wilbers, J., Kappelle, A., Versteeg, L., Tuladhar, A., Steens, S., & Meijer, F. et al. (2015). Cognitive function, depression, fatigue and quality of life among long-term survivors of head and neck cancer. Neuro-Oncology Practice, 2(3), 144-150. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nop/npv012